1 2008-4307 Drug Control Headquarters, Research & Education Office 1200 General Behavioral Activation and Inhibition Systems and Coping Styles in Opium Consumer, Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clients and Healthy Peers Abdollahi Mohammad Hossein b Baheshmat Juybari Shahab c b kharazmi university c kharazmi University 1 3 2017 10 40 11 26 20 07 2016 28 03 2017 Objective: This study aimed to compare behavioral activation and inhibition systems and coping styles in opium consumer,Methadone maintenance treatment clients and healthy peers. Methods: A causal-comparative study was used in this retrospective and fundamental research. Statistical population of this research include all men of substance abuse addiction treatment center in Sari city in 1395. The sample consisted of 43 opium consumer (self-represented), 45 Methadone maintenance treatment clients, and 40 healthy peers who were selected via at hand sampling method. For data collection, were administered for every 3 groups the Behavioral activation-inhibition system scale (BIS-BAS) and Coping Strategies Inventory (CISS). Then the data was performed in program spss version 21 using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and tukey test (TUKEY). Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between three groups in behavioral activation and inhibition systems and coping styles. Also, opium consumer and methadone maintenance treatment clients displayed higher behavioral activation systems and higher emotion oriented and evoidance oriented coping, than did healthy peers. Conclusions: These findings can help experts to have a better and more accurate understanding of substance misuse cause and use proper methods to prevention from addiction and expand helpful treatments.
1161 Special Management and Implementation of Sampling Injection Drug Users Exposing high risk Diseases Bagheri Arezoo d Saadati Mahsa e d National Population Studies & Comprehensive Management Institute e National Population Studies & Comprehensive Management Institute 1 3 2017 10 40 27 44 12 06 2016 25 04 2017 Objectives: Study of hidden populations such as Injection Drug Users (IDU) due to their exposing to high risk diseases and their roll in public health is very crucial. Conventional statistical methods for sampling these populations are not applicable because of the restrictions these populations are faced. Despite the introduction of respondent driven sampling as a successful method for sampling hidden populations, a limited number of studies using this method due to the lack of researchers’ knowledge. Method: The main purpose of the current article is to study influential factors in managing and implementing respondent driven sampling method. Results: Researchers should consider key points in designing coupons, defining amount and payment method of incentives, and preventing the irregular growth of the sample size for monitoring this sampling method. Conclusions: Without taking into consideration the implementation and management, we can not expect to achieve representative samples from these populations by applying this sampling method.  1342 Special Causal Relationship between Addiction Potential through Early Maladaptive Schemas, Psychological Capital and basic Psychological Needs Mediated Family Communication Patterns Rashidi A.R. f Hojat Khah M g Rasouli A h Jami M i f Razi University g razi university h Islamic azad university i Razi university 1 3 2017 10 40 45 64 25 12 2016 03 05 2017 Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of family communication patterns mediate the relationship between basic psychological needs, psychological capital and early maladaptive schemas of PS was predicted. Methods: This study was descriptive and correlational. The study population included all male and female students of Kermanshah, was in high school in the academic year 94-93. Using Morgan table 400 students (200 girls and 200 boys) were selected by multistage cluster sampling, that the five instruments, family communication patterns in the relationship between basic psychological needs, psychological capital and Yang early maladaptive schemas and PS APS responded. In order to assess the structural equation model using AMOS software and SPSS-21 was used. Results: The results showed that the model with the mediation of family communication patterns (in scale dialogue) is a good fit. the ability to predict their addictive potential. Conclusion: The tested model fit is acceptable and important step towards understanding the domains of personal and familial susceptibility to addiction is As well as a good model for the design and development of high-risk behavior prevention programs can be very helpful. 1348 Special Comparison of Thought Control, Mindfulness and Attachment Styles in Students with High and Low Tendency to Addiction Mikaeili N j j Mohaghegh Ardabili University 1 3 2017 10 40 65 86 03 01 2017 08 05 2017 Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the control thought, mindfulness and attachment styles in students with high and low tendency to addiction. Methods: The present study was causal-comparative study and population consisted of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili's students in 2015-2016 academic years that 283 patients were chosen by systematic random sampling and completed questionnaires. Tools include Luciano and colleagues' Thought Control Questionnaire, questionnaire, Braun and Ryan's Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, MirHesami's Tendency to Addiction and Collins and Read's adult attachment style questionnaire. Results: The results showed that students, who have higher tendency to addiction, lower than thought control and the mindfulness of students who have a lower tendency to addiction is more than the other group. Also mean score of avoidant attachment, and ambivalent attachment in students with high tendency to addiction was more than students with low tendency to addiction. Conclusion: The difference between the two groups in this variable show importance of thought control, mindfulness and attachment style, tendency to the addiction of students and implicitly will indicate the positive effects of mindfulness and self-control training in the prevention of addiction among students. 1115 Special The effect of trancecranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on reduction of craving, depression and anxiety in students with tramadol abuse: Preliminary study Narimani M k Pouresmali A l alizadeh goradel j m Mowlaie M n k University of Mohaghegh Ardabil l University of Mohaghegh Ardabil m University of Shahid beheshti n University of Mohaghegh Ardabil 1 3 2017 10 40 87 102 28 04 2016 12 04 2017 Abstaract Objective: The aim of the present study is to examine the effectiveness of trancecranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on reduction of craving, depression and anxiety in students with tramadol abuse.  Method: This research is an experimental single subject (ABA) study. The population of this research is total students of tramadol abuser of Mohaghegh Ardabili University that among them, three students were selected by non-accidental sampling method that were volunteer to participate in this research. For gathering the data, Franken craving quesionnare (2002) and Lewinda depression anxiey scale (1995) were utilized. Treatment sessions of trancecranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in 10 sessions 20 minutes was performed which anode electrode was placed on left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) and cathode electrode was placed on right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F4) and 2M/A severity of electrical current was traced from scalp. According to being single subject of this research, for analyzing of data, procedural changes, slope, improvement percentage, and effect size level were used for every patient. Results: The results indicate the effectiveness of this method on reduction of craving, depression of tramadol abusers, therefore it is suggested for addiction therapist and psychotherapist to use trancecranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) as a intervention method in treatment of these patients. 1288 Special The comparison of risk taking and cognitive distortion of students with and without addiction tendency Mashmool Haji Agha S o Abolghasemi A p o Ardabil Science and Research Branch, Ardabil, Iran p universitu of guilan, rasht, guilan 1 3 2017 10 40 103 112 31 10 2016 03 05 2017 The purpose of the this research was investigate the comparison of risk taking and cognitive distortion of students with and without addiction tendency. This research was a case-comparative study. The population is consisted of all boy students of high school  in the city of  Bostanabad. The research participants is consisted of 200 students (100 students with addiction tendency and 100 students without addiction tendency) who were recognized among the students. By to collect the data, addiction tendency Scale, risk-taking scale, and  cognitive distortion scale were used. Data was analyzed by using MANOVA. The results shows that the risk- taking and cognitive distortion in students with addiction tendency are higher than normal students. Is necessary to consider and risk- taking with cognitive distortion are important variables in addiction tendency. Therefore, according to results the risk- taking and cognitive distortion of students with addiction tendency in programs of prevention, psychopathology and consulting services. 707 Special Addiction Prevention Elements in the Content of the Thinking and Life Style Book of Seventh Grade from Viewpoint of Instructors karimyan H zavvar T peeri M madani university Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University 1 3 2017 10 40 113 126 07 02 2015 24 03 2017 Objective: this study focuses on viewpoint of instructors about addiction prevention elements in the content of the thinking and life style book of seventh grade in academic year 2013-14. Method: this study is a descriptive survey with sample of 74 instructors of seventh grade, selected by proportional stratified random method. The study tool is author designed inventory to review perceptions and expectations of instructors in seven elements. Selected data were analyzed using single sample t-test, dependent t-test, and Freedman test. Findings: according to the results, instructors believe in the content of thinking and life style book of seventh grade emotions and stress management is most and education about Drugs is less emphasized. Results of Freedman test also show the emotions and stress management has the highest and education about Drugs the lowest average score. Results of t dependent test, however, show a difference between perceptions and expectations of instructors in addiction prevention elements, and they should be more highlighted. Conclusion: the viewpoint of instructors on considering addiction prevention elements in thinking and life style book of seventh grade is positive and placing addiction prevention issues and life skills such as thinking skills and integration of teaching materials in textbooks can be important in different ways. 812 Special The Study of Drug Abuse Prevalence in Industrial Environments Mohammadi K Asgari A iran of assosiation social pathology setade mobareze ba mavade mokhader 1 3 2017 10 40 127 144 22 06 2015 26 03 2017 Abstract The present descriptive research which is ordered by Iran Drug Control Headquarter aims to examine the prevalence of drug abuse of industrial environments in 2013 in Isfahan, Iran. It, also, would study the addiction type (i.e., industrial or traditional) and represent demographic information such as consumers’ age, gender, education, occupation, experience and addiction background. Research population included all staff in industrial environments in Isfahan, 1163 applicants of whom were selected through multistage cluster sampling method. To gather data, a researcher-made questionnaire, including 40 items about applicants’ demographic information, perspectives and addiction prevalence, was employed. The validity and reliability of questionnaire were computed through Cronbach’s Alpha and reported acceptable. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics such as mean, per cent, Chi-Square and logistic regression were applied. Results showed that % 25.1 of people working in industrial environments were addicted to drugs, among which % 9.6 were addicted to industrial drugs and the rest 15.5) to traditional ones. In addition, findings revealed that % 13.8 of staff were addicted to alcohol and % 61 to smoking cigarette and hookah. Logistic regression predicted that the main reasons for addiction could be attributed to social factors (including discrimination or low level of well-being), economic factors (such as low salary) and environmental factors (say, insufficient attention in workplace). 1112 Special The role of religious orientation, self-concept and self-efficacy in predicting tendency to addiction with mediation by psychological hardiness in Male Students Jalilean Kaseb F Rashidi A.R. Hojat Khah M razi university razi university Razi university 1 3 2017 10 40 145 160 22 04 2016 03 05 2017 Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of psychological hardiness mediator in the relationship between religious orientation, self-concept and self-efficacy in predicting the tendency to have addiction Method: This study was a descriptive - correlational. The study sample was male students of Razi University undergraduate years 2014-2015. 358 undergraduates were selected by multistage cluster sampling. The data of Alport religious orientation, Scherrer self-efficacy , Beck self-concept and Ahvaz Hardiness Inventor and Addiction Potential(APS) were collected. In order to evaluate the model of structural equation modeling using SPSS-19 and AMOS-18  software was use. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between , self-efficacy, self-concept and inter-religious orientation through psychological hardiness with addiction tend to have a significant negative relationship. Conclusion:. Can be used with regard to the the influence of research variables With  addiction tendencie The programs in the field of the prevention and treatment addiction. 1219 Special A causal model of impact character of emotional instability on tendency risky behaviors in adolescents with Role of Mediating attitudes to drug use in adolescents Mokhtarnia I Zademohammadi A Habibi M Mirzaifar F Shahid Beheshti University Beheshti University Shahid Beheshti University alzahra university 1 3 2017 10 40 161 180 12 08 2016 26 03 2017  The aim of this study was modeling the mediating of impact character of emotional instability on tendency risky behaviors in adolescents with Role of Mediating attitudes to drug use in adolescents. Method: The study is description and the type is Structural Equation Modeling; the population of the study is students of Qods town which is located in Tehran Province. Sample size is 644 students that were selected by multistage random sampling. The data were gathered through Big Five personality Questionnaire, Attitude towards Drug Abuse Questionnaire and Adolescents Risk-taking Questionnaire. Result: The results of structural equation modeling analysis showed the Conceptual Model was fitted with most appropriate fit to data (df/S–Bχ2=2/56, CFI=0/98, GFI= 0/96, RMSEA= 0/049). In this model all direct and indirect paths to predict risk behavior in adolescent were diagnosed. The results also showed that Attitude towards Drug Abuse was mediator in relation to the instability of personality and risk behavior in adolescent. Conclusion: therefore, in this study was shown how the interpersonal factor in the Conceptual model affects risky behaviors in adolescent 1256 Special Compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and mindfulness on psychosomatic symptoms in people with substance abuse stimulants SeyedAsiaban S Manshaee Gh R Askari P Islamic Azad University of Isfahan(Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran. Islamic Azad University of Isfahan(Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran. Islamic Azad University 1 3 2017 10 40 181 199 22 09 2016 04 05 2017 Objective: The present study compares the effectiveness of schema therapy and mindfulness on psychosomatic symptoms and its dimensions (somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid and psychotic) in patients with substance abuse stimulus. Methods: This quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test and control groups took advantage of a three-month follow-up period. a control group were placed. treatment plan. mindfulness-hour experimental group in 8 sessions of 45 minutes were treated as a group. The participants in the General Health Questionnaire SCL90, before the start of the treatment, therapy sessions and follow-up stage groups were evaluated 3 months after treatment. The control group had no treatment group. Results: Using analysis of variance with repeated measures and ANCOVA results showed that the use of Schema Therapy and Mindfulness is effective in preventing relapse triggers. Conclusion: Both methods because shared components -Tny therapy in reducing symptoms of mental stimulant use was effective. Both encapsulation are also significant differences. And group schema therapy had a greater impact of mindfulness. 1317 Special The diagnostic role of delayed reward discounting and sensation seeking in substance use stimulant and opiate disorders ahmadi farshad hasani jafar moradi alireza saeidpoor saber kharazmi University kharazmi University kharazmi University kharazmi University 1 3 2017 10 40 201 216 27 11 2016 12 04 2017 Abstract Introduction: One of the most important problems in global health in recent years, the high prevalence of substance use disorders and addiction. Psychological factors in vulnerability, aggravation, relapse and craving these disorders have a significant role. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of delayed reward discounting and sensation seeking in substance use stimulant and opiate disorders. method: this study was a causal-comparative research design. The target population included all patients with stimulant, opiate disorders that referred to medical centers, 90 persons (stimulant: 45, opiate: 45), were selected by purposive sampling method, completed the Monetary-Choice Questionnaire, Sensation Seeking Scale Form V. Data were analyzed with the diagnostic analysis. Findings: diagnostic Analysis with delayed reward discounting and sensation seeking variables showed that 86/66 percent of stimulants and 84/44 percent of opiates classified correctly. Discussion & conclusion: delayed reward discounting and sensation seeking<span dir="RTL" style="font-family: " b="" zar";="" font-size:="" 13pt;="" mso-bidi-language:="" fa;="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" roman";"=""> rolled in differentiation and diagnosis of stimulant and opiate groups significantly. Therefore, it’s recommended that in prevention and treatment programs associated with these two disorders will be pay special attention to these factors. 1320 Special Structural equation modeling of the mediating role of codependency in the relationship between psychosocial factors and addiction potential of adolescents. Pazani Fariba Borjali Ahmad Ahadi Hassan Kraskian Mujembari Adis Islamic Azad University Department of Clinical Psychology, Allame Tabatabaee University Department. of Psychology , Islamic Azad University Karaj, Iran , Islamic Azad University 1 3 2017 10 40 217 233 01 12 2016 28 03 2017 Summary Aim: The aim of current study was to explain the structural equation modeling of the mediating role of codependency on the relation between psychosocial factors and addiction potential of adolescents. Method: The method used in the study is descriptive approach by structural equation modeling.  The statistic population defined as all the female and male students of the state schools of the region 16 of education of Tehran studying in second period of high school in educational year of 1394-95. The sample group of 400 students was selected using the multistage cluster sampling method. Addiction potential questionnaire, questionnaire of codependency inventory (CODI) (Stonebrink, 1988), social health questionnaire (Keyse,2004) and mental factors questionnaire (addiction risk and protective factors) were used as study tools. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling analysis method. Results: The results indicated the goodness of the structural equation modeling fit indexes. This was after elimination of insignificant relations and making covariant some sub-standards of the variables of social factors, codependency and addiction potential. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the codependency as an acquired behavior including self-negligence and losing individual identity is formed under the effects of psychologic factors as well as social factors and mediates the relation between psychosocial factors and addiction potential. 1341 Special Binaural beats effect on addicted people based on EEG Malekzadeh D Rahati S Kobravi HR Dadgarazad M Islamic Azad University Islamic azad university of mashhad Islamic azad university of mashhad , Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch 1 3 2017 10 40 235 253 24 12 2016 24 03 2017 Aim and scope: When two audio signals with different frequencies are presented separately to the left and right ears, the brain perceived an audio signal with frequency equal to the frequency difference between the two audio signals. This phenomenon has known as the binaural beat. If this technology used regular and listened targeted, it can reduced stress and anxiety, and increased focus, concentration, motivation, confidence, and depth in meditation. In this study, we checked the binaural beats effect on addicts to use of this technology as an aid in the treatment of stable crack addiction. Methods: The population of this study is included 15 addicted people who admitted in rehab clinic with an average age of 30.5 that chosen under medical supervision and using the Eysenck’s personality test and urine test. 10 people in addition to normal treatment received the controlled binaural beats in three sessions and 5 people who employed as witness, just received the normal treatment. Urine dopamine test, Electroencephalography or EEG and BRUMs mood questionnaires are taken from participants. Results: Controlled binaural beats can reduce anger, tension and increase vigor and the desire to continue the treatment for get full recovery in addicted people. Conclusion: Using controlled binaural beats among other activities as a without side effects method in the treatment process, can accelerate and consolidation the people treatments. 1002 Special Introducing an Integro-Differential Equation Model for Spread of Addictive Drugs abuse Hosseini H Tari Marzabad A Hassanpour-ezatti M Shahed University Shahed University Shahed University 1 3 2017 10 40 255 266 06 01 2016 25 04 2017 Objective: As drugs use spreading has grown worldwide and depends on social interactions of addicted individuals on another people. The aim of this paper is to introduce an integro-differential equation model for drugs use spread among people of the observed population. Method: The connection structures of the discrete systems tend to be richer than that of the integro-differential equation model. In this research the index of drugs user considered with peer influence. Results: In this paper, in addition to introduce a simple discrete models for spread of addictive drugs abuse, a new switch model and an integro-differential equation model is introduced that avoid from inertia in old models related to the spread of addictive drugs use problem. Conclusion: Analyzes on discrete network models for spread of addictive drugs abuse is done and the mathematical equation was introduced for diffusion of addictive drugs abuse by considering individuals resilience and peer influence.