Showing 43 results for Prevention
M Niazi, M Noruzi, E Sharifi, R Khoramian,
Volume 12, Issue 47 (12-2018)
Abstract
Objective: Drug trafficking is one of the most significant social damage that can easily undermine the cultural and social base of a country and its human dynamism. The confluence of the psychological, social, economic, political and cultural factors has made this one of the most complex social damages of recent decades in the country. Accordingly, the adoption of programs with the prevention and empowerment approach to addiction has always been the focus of attention. However, preventive programs have not been successful at many levels. In this regard, the aim of this study was to analyze the inefficiency of prevention programs. Method: The present study was carried out with a qualitative approach and through grounded theory. The data were collected through a deep interview with 33 consumers living in Ghaleh Shour camp of Isfahan as well as managers, experts, and therapists in the area of addiction in spring of 2016. These sample units had been selected via purposive sampling and the theoretical saturation criterion. The data were then analyzed using axial coding. Results: Axial coding led to the production of 14 categories and 66 sub-categories, which illustrate the causal and underlying conditions, strategies, and consequences of the inefficiency of prevention programs from the perspective of both groups of participants in the research. Some of these categories include non-cooperative policies, inappropriate bureaucracy, cadre-oriented and actor-oriented cultural constraints, customization, and obdurate anarchy. Conclusion: From the perspective of both groups of participants, there is a dual typology of weaknesses and deficiencies in the preparation, development, and implementation of prevention plans, which, in turn, shows the content and formal denial of plans. In the first type of the strategy, obdurate anarchy is adopted by interviewees and, in the second type of the strategy, customization and acceptance of failure in dealing with this phenomenon are adopted by the interviewees where such consequences as empiricism, friendship, and escape and insignificant access to plans come into existence.
F Hamidi, S Kheiran,
Volume 12, Issue 49 (3-2019)
Abstract
Objectives: Substance abuse, dependence, and addiction are all complicated disorders associated with biological, psychological, social, and spiritual causes. Relapse into substance use is one of the main problems in the treatment of substance abuse. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relapse prevention interventions in craving, emotion regulation, and aggression among methamphetamine patients in Kashan city. Method: A quasi-experimental research design along with pre-test/post-test and control group was employed for the conduct of this study. The statistical population of this study included male and female methamphetamine users presenting to short-term residence addiction treatment centers and methadone treatment addiction centers in Kashan. Through random sampling, 30 subjects were selected and were assigned to experimental and control groups. Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Craving Beliefs Questionnaire, and Eysenck and Wilson's Aggression Scale were used for data collection in this study. The experimental group was trained in eight sessions of mindfulness-based relapse prevention interventions. After the completion of the training interventions, both groups were re-evaluated in the post-test phase. Results: The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of craving, emotion regulation, and aggression. The Eta coefficients for the variables of craving, emotion regulation, and aggression were obtained equal to 0.27, 0.21, and 0.53, respectively. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based prevention can be used in addiction treatment clinics.
Amin Zandi, Amir Mohseni, Mojtaba Habibi,
Volume 12, Issue 49 (3-2019)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of psychodrama therapy in relapse prevention and rumination. Method: A semi-experimental research design along with pre-test/post-test and control group was employed for the conduct of this study. All the patients with drug abuse presenting to Tehran addiction treatment clinics constituted the statistical population of this study. The sample group consisted of 40 male patients who were selected from among the clients of addiction treatment clinics via convenience sampling method. The participants were then assigned to the control group and the experimental group (n = 20). Due to the sample loss in the post-test phase, the experimental group consisted of 16 and the control group included 18 participants. Relapse Prediction Scale and Rumination Questionnaire were administered to all the participants. Results: Multivariate covariance analysis showed that psychodrama intervention had a significant effect on relapse prevention and rumination. Conclusion: According to the research findings, group psychodrama therapy can be effective in relapse prevention and rumination.
A Pourmanafi, E Ghorbani,
Volume 12, Issue 49 (3-2019)
Abstract
Objective: The attractiveness and expansion of the virtual space among strata of society and the functions of this platform in the commission of drug offenses have prompted authorities to take advantage of this context to develop drug prevention programs. Of course, the functions of this space at the present moment are considered among the effective factors in the tendency towards addiction and drug use. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of virtual media (cyberspace) in preventing drug addiction among various strata of society in the form of developing a functional model. Method: The present study employed a descriptive-analytic method where a survey was carried out using a researcher-constructed questionnaire for the purpose of data collection. The statistical population of the study included experts and drug control police officers of Law Enforcement Force of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iranian Cyber Police, and related organizations. According to Cochran formula, 56 sample units were selected by simple random sampling method. Results: The results indicated that virtual space and responsibility, virtual space and social participation, virtual space and awareness-raising, virtual space and specific productions, and, finally, virtual space and management can respectively play a significant role in the prevention of drug addiction. Conclusion: The findings of this study can be regarded as an important step for explaining cyber squat addiction prevention methods and as a suitable model for designing comprehensive drug addiction prevention programs in cyberspace.
Masuood Mahdanianfar, Hosein Masoudnia, Mohammad Reza Yazdani Zazerani,
Volume 13, Issue 51 (5-2019)
Abstract
Abstract:
Aim: This research was carried out with the aim of implementing a policy research and determination and ranking of administrative barriers to policy making in the Islamic Republic of Iran in the primary prevention of addiction. Methods: The research methods in this article are Delphi technique, incorporating content analysis, factor analysis and analytical hierarchy process(AHP). The study population includes four groups of policymakers, executives, experts and beneficiaries (improved addicts). The data collected in our implementation research led us to five major obstacles in the pathology of policy implementation. Results: The results showed that the lack of social marketing, the weakness of action plan, the lack of a national system of prevention, the lack of monitoring and evaluation, and finally, the weakness of intercultural cooperation are the most important barriers to the implementation of primary prevention policies of addiction. Conclusion : Revision and reforming of policies and attention to the implementation of policies in the past has been considered as a way to improve the current state of addiction policy.
Ebrahim Davoodi Dehaghani, Abdollah Hendiani, Mohammad Ali Ameri,
Volume 13, Issue 51 (5-2019)
Abstract
Purpose: Adolescence is a crisis that requires control and control of the integrated management with a preventive approach. The purpose of this study was to explain the impact of crime prevention management on drug and psychotropic drugs use. Method: The present study was descriptive-analytic and survey method. The statistical population is the managers and experts of related organizations and the members of the Counter Narcotics Coordination Council and Golestan province drug addiction centers, which numbered 1058 people. The sample size was estimated to be 369 by Cochran formula. Sampling method was systematic random. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data and its validity was confirmed by its formal and reliable method through the calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed with multivariate regression. Results: Mass management prevention with multiple correlation (R = 0.345) had a significant impact on drug use, and most respondents did not have a positive view of management of the field of social prevention, but they had a positive view of managing the field of pre-emptive prevention. Conclusion: Regarding the relatively good condition of postural management in Golestan province, it is necessary to emphasize its necessity and in spite of inappropriate situation of social prevention management and is reminded that necessity of attention and attention of the majority of officials and planners of the province in this area.
Mehri Sadat Mousavi, Bahjat Yazdkhasti, Alireza Mohseni Tabrizi,
Volume 13, Issue 52 (9-2019)
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to assess the contribution of the social dimension of subjective well-being to different prevention approaches and programs of substance abuse among adolescents. First, using the survey, the social dimensions of subjective well-being and attitudes toward the drugs were measured among 670 normal, high-risk and addicted students in Tehran. Then, using a qualitative study of document analysis, the contribution of social dimension of subjective well-being that were effective in the positive attitude toward drug use were studied in the prevention approaches and interventions of substance abuse among adolescents. Findings indicate that the most attention is paid to social integration and the least attention to social justice. The systematic approach was ranked first in terms of attention to these dimensions, and then the approach of social influence, social approach, competence-enhancing approach, emotional development approach and awareness-raising approach were ranked. Most attention was paid to social acceptance followed by social integration, social participation and, to a lesser extent, social flourishing. Unfortunately, the components of social justice and social security have not been placed anywhere between programs and interventions.
Abazar Fazelpoor, Farah Naderi,
Volume 13, Issue 53 (12-2019)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of religious belief-based prevention skills training on the flexibility of action, emotional, social and educational adjustment of second of high school students exposed to drug abuse in Ahvaz. Method: The research method was experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of students of second-of high school exposed to drug abuse in Ahvaz who were studying in the academic year 2017-2018. Sample size consisted of 80 students who were selected by multistage random cluster sampling and assigned to experimental (40) and control (40) groups. The experimental group received 17 sessions of religious belief-based prevention skills training. Conner-Davidson’s Flexibility of Action Scale and Sinha and Singh adjustment inventory of the high school students were used for data collection. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in the variables of flexibility of action, emotional, social and educational adjustment. Conclusion: Religious beliefs-based prevention skills training can be used as an appropriate preventive intervention method.
Mahdi Alvani, Hamid Reza Sarami Fruoshani, Abbas Saleh Ardestani, Alireza Jazini,
Volume 13, Issue 53 (12-2019)
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a strategic management model for early prevention of addiction with a cultural approach. Method: Using a sequential exploratory design (qualitative-quantitative), we evaluated the factors and finally developed a strategic management model for early prevention of addicton with a cultural approach. Thus, in the Delphi phase, a 46-member panel of experts from different areas of addiction prevention with a cultural approach selected by purposeful sampling was used to collect data through a questionnaire. In this phase, two methods of communication evaluation and focal group formation were used to validate the model, and two methods of repeatability and transferring capability (generalizability) were used for validation. In the SWOT phase, through a purposeful sampling method, a focal group consisting of 8 experts from the field of early prevention of addiction with a cultural approach was formed. Different stages of SWOT study were performed by Delphi questionnaire. Finally, by identifying the appropriate weights obtained from the evaluation of internal and external factors, the strategic action of strategic management of early prevention of addiction with a cultural approach was determined. In this phase, qualitative formal content validity was used for the validity of the instrument, and Cronbach's alpha test was used for the validity of the internal consistency of the items. Results: The results of Delphi phase showed that a total of 38 variables included four factors including: (a) empowerment; (b) social services; c) Social participation, d) governance after four rounds were identified as the effective factors on the strategic management of the early prevention of addiction with the cultural approach and were agreed by the experts. Conclusion: SWOT results showed that strategic management strategy of early prevention of addiction with cultural approach is competitive strategy (diversification). Hence, eight final strategies and models were formulated.
Leila Behbehani, Bagher Sardary,
Volume 13, Issue 54 (1-2020)
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on decrease craving and relapse prevention in opiate addicts. Method: this study is a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the study was all male patients with a variety of opiate addiction Admitted to quitting addiction in psychiatric ward of Shahid Madani hospital in Khoy city In the fall of 2018. From this population, a sample of 30 people was selected by purposeful sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data collection tools were included questionnaires of desire for drug (DDQ) & relapse prediction scale (RPS). Data analysis was performed using covariance analysis in SPSS program. Results: data analysis showed that positive psychotherapy resulted in significant difference between groups in craving (h2=0.800) and relapse prediction (h2=0.622) in opiate addicts. Conclusion: regarding the results, it can be argued that positive psychotherapy has been effective in decreasing craving and relapse prevention in opiate addicts.
Saman Abdollahi, Shahrdad Darabi,
Volume 14, Issue 56 (8-2020)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the structural model of the role of environmental and family factors in the developmental prevention of the tendency to use drugs and psychotropic substances. Method: The research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included Children and adolescents in Karaj who had used drugs or psychotropic substances at least once. Among them, 250 people were selected by non-probability snowball sampling. Results: In the research model, the environmental factor with a coefficient equal to 0.77 and then the family factor with a coefficient equal to 0.63 had direct and significant effects on the tendency of children and adolescents to use drugs and psychotropic substances. Conclusion: Environmental and family factors are effective in developmental prevention of children and adolescents' tendency to use drugs and psychotropic substances, but environmental factors have a stronger effect, so focusing on the environmental structure of communities can make preventive processes more practical.
Arefeh Pourfathiyeh, Ayatolah Fathi,
Volume 14, Issue 57 (11-2020)
Abstract
Objective: Addiction is a type of social harm that has widespread psychological and physical disorders and imposes high costs on communities. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral non-pharmacological intervention as a supplement to maintenance therapies on the prevention of recurrence and improvement of symptoms of mental disorders in patients with opioid abuse in Tabriz. Method: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. For this purpose, 60 men with opioid abuse were selected using convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. Participants responded to the relapse prediction scale and the symptom checklist-90. Data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective in preventing recurrence. Also, cognitive-behavioral intervention was effective in improving the symptoms of mental disorders in patients with opioid abuse. Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the recovery of individuals with substance abuse, this intervention can be used by therapists and counselors to treat this group of patients.
Hamidreza Sarrami Forushani, Fatemeh Sarrami Forushani, Reza Ahmadi Moghadam,
Volume 16, Issue 64 (8-2022)
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the situation of strategic management of primary prevention of addiction with a cultural approach in terms of level of importance (applicability) and current situation (level of implementation). Method: The method of the present study was of descriptive-analytical and survey type, which was conducted using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this research included all cultural and primary prevention of addiction experts in the member organizations and related to the anti-narcotics headquarters in 2018 nationwide. Among the cultural and prevention experts in the capital cities of all provinces of the country located in the key institutions in the fields of culture and addiction prevention, 275 people were selected based on the sample size estimation table of Krejcie and Morgan using a proportionate stratified sampling method. In order to measure the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, qualitative content validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used. Results: The results of data analysis showed that when comparing the eight strategies in terms of the current situation (level of implementation) and the level of importance (applicability), there was a significant difference in favor of the level of importance (applicability). In addition, given the higher average ratings of the level of importance (applicability) of the eight strategies than the average ratings of the current situation (level of implementation), it can be said that the operational status of the eight strategies is not at a favorable level. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it can be said that addiction prevention requires cultural management through which we can take transformational steps to reduce cultural poverty in society and increase the socio-cultural approach to addiction prevention in the target foci of society.
Roohollah Khazaee, Gholamreza Manshaee, Seyed Hamid Atashpoor, Mohsen Golparvar,
Volume 16, Issue 65 (11-2022)
Abstract
Objective: This research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of the psychological training package of substance use prevention and cognitive-behavioral therapy on the attitude toward substance use in students prone to substance use. Method: The present research was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. Among the male students prone to substance use in the upper secondary level of the city of Isfahan in 2019, 45 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and assigned into three groups of 15 people. The research tool was the attitude toward substance use questionnaire. The first experimental group underwent 8 sessions of the psychological training of substance use prevention, and the second experimental group underwent 8 sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy, and the control group did not receive any treatments. Data were analyzed by the repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the effects of both methods were significant in correcting the attitude toward substances in students prone to substance use, and the psychological training of substance use prevention was more effective than the cognitive-behavioral treatment in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: Experts can benefit from the psychological training package of substance use prevention in order to correct the attitudes of students prone to substance use.
Ebrahim Davoodi Dehaghani,
Volume 16, Issue 65 (11-2022)
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to identify disciplinary management approaches in the prevention of substance-dependent women's crimes in the city of Shahryar. Method: The current research was descriptive-analytical conducted with a qualitative approach. The statistical population of the present study included experts and specialists in the field of disciplinary management and local managers in the city of Shahryar who were selected by purposeful or judgmental sampling method, and based on the principle of theoretical saturation, interviews were finally conducted with 13 people. The data were collected based on a semi-structured interview, and to analyze the data, a directed qualitative content analysis method with sentence-by-sentence analysis technique was used. Results: Based on the findings of the research, 18 disciplinary management approaches in the field of situational prevention, 29 disciplinary management approaches in the field of social prevention and 13 disciplinary management approaches in the field of criminal prevention were identified. Conclusion: The results of the research showed that continuous training of substance-dependent women, equipment of police patrols, and also collective efforts of all involved organs affected the prevention of substance-dependent women's crimes in the city of Shahryar.
Nosrat Nojavan, Ismaeil Soleimani, Ali Issazadegan,
Volume 16, Issue 65 (11-2022)
Abstract
Objective: The present research aimed to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relapse prevention intervention on craving and emotional processing in substance-dependent individuals in the non-pharmacological rehabilitation phase. Method: The current research was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included all substance-dependent men in addiction treatment clinics in the city of Urmia in 2020. Among them, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The participants of both groups completed the craving scale-short form and the emotional processing scale in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental group underwent mindfulness-based relapse prevention intervention in eight 60-minute sessions, and the control group did not receive any training during the treatment. The data were analyzed by the repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the mindfulness-based relapse prevention intervention had a significant effect on reducing craving and emotional processing, and this effectiveness also remained stable in the two-month follow-up period. Conclusion: Findings of this study provide useful information concerning mindfulness-based relapse prevention intervention and counselors and psychologists can use this intervention to improve craving and emotional processing in substance-dependent individuals in the non-pharmacological rehabilitation phase.
Nasrin Rahbari Ghazani, Nader Hajloo, Seyfollah Aghajani,
Volume 17, Issue 67 (5-2023)
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of family empowerment with short-term solution-oriented therapy in changing the emotional atmosphere of the family and the prevention of addiction in adolescents with substance-dependent parents. Method: The method of the present study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this research consisted of adolescents with substance-dependent parents referring to drug addiction treatment centers in the city of Tabriz in fall 2021. Among them, 30 people were selected using the convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of short-term solution-oriented therapy weekly, while the control group received no intervention. Research data were collected in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up using the family emotional atmosphere questionnaire and the addiction tendency scale, and were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that family empowerment was effective in changing the family emotional atmosphere and the prevention of addiction in adolescents with substance-dependent parents, and this effect was stable in the three-month follow-up. Conclusion: According to the results of the present research, it can be concluded that family empowerment with short-term solution-oriented therapy is among the effective treatments for the family emotional atmosphere and the prevention of addiction.
Saman Abdolahi,
Volume 18, Issue 72 (8-2024)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the current study was to assess the feasibility of implementing a growth-oriented prevention model to address the tendency to use narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs among children of England in Iran. Method: The research methodology involved a combination of review and Delphi analysis. The study's statistical population comprised 16 criminology experts. Qualitative analysis was conducted using thematic analysis, while quantitative analysis utilized statistical measures of central tendency. Results: Data analysis through item analysis revealed four key areas of growth-oriented prevention at the individual, family, social, and school levels, defined by 42 sub-criteria. The results of the analysis of experts' opinions showed that growth-oriented prevention at the family level in Iran is more important than at other levels. Additionally, growth-oriented prevention at the school level ranked second, at the social level ranked third, and at the individual level ranked fourth. Conclusion: Lessons from developed countries in crime prevention can be adapted with minor adjustments as effective strategies in countries like Iran.
Mohammad Asadi Fard,
Volume 18, Issue 72 (8-2024)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to propose a management model for socially preventing women's substance addiction. Method: The research method employed was qualitative and involved thematic analysis. The statistical population consisted of experts and specialists in police management, drug control managers, and university professors. Sixteen individuals were purposefully selected for the study. Data was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Following the data coding process, 63 basic themes were identified in the open coding stage, along with 3 organizing themes related to growth-oriented, community-oriented, and environmental prevention components. Additionally, 3 overarching themes were derived. The research findings at the macro level indicated that implementing strategic and comprehensive social prevention programs focusing on addressing economic issues, raising awareness, promoting cultural values, and fostering collaboration between civil institutions and government agencies were effective in preventing women's addiction. Furthermore, at the intermediate level, measures such as targeting vulnerable areas, enhancing social support, and implementing screening and treatment, and at the micro level, providing individual skills training, empowerments, and reinforcing religious beliefs, were identified as hopeful strategies for preventing women's addiction. Conclusion: The study results emphasized the importance of considering three levels—macro, intermediate, and micro—in formulating an effective model for preventing women's addiction. Recommendations include revising policies and programs, implementing cultural, educational, and economic initiatives, highlighting the role of the family institution, empowering vulnerable women, and prioritizing prevention over treatment to address women's addiction effectively.
Shirin Ahmadi, Mohammad Narimani,
Volume 18, Issue 73 (11-2024)
Abstract
Objective: This research aimed to develop and validate a school-based educational package for the prevention of addiction among adolescents and to investigate its effectiveness on students' susceptibility to addiction. Method: The research employed a qualitative approach involving thematic analysis, while the quantitative component utilized a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures, including a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study included all male middle school students in Karaj in 2023. From this population, 30 individuals were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). The content analysis method was used to identify the components of the educational package. Then, the participants in the experimental group received 8 sessions of the developed educational package on addiction prevention. To collect data, questionnaires on addiction readiness and high-risk behaviors were used. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and qualitative data using MAXQDA2020 software. Results: In the qualitative findings section, about 134 primary themes were extracted, which were finally developed into 4 overarching themes and 18 sub-themes. In the quantitative findings section, the results showed that the educational package for addiction prevention was effective in reducing students' propensity for addiction. The results of the follow-up stage also showed that the positive effects of the intervention were maintained over time. Conclusion: According to the results, the use of this educational intervention is recommended by the welfare organization, psychological centers, and other educational and cultural organizations for providing addiction prevention education.
