Showing 13 results for hosseini
Mansoureh Haj Hosseini,
Volume 1, Issue 3 (8-2003)
Abstract
The aim of this research is to look into the impacts of Attributional theory over the rate of youths’ tendency towards addiction. In order to reach this goal, it has been assumed that learned helplessness is far more among addicted youths compared to non-addict youths. On the basis of the six dimensions of Attributional theory six subsidiary assumptions were formulated. The statistical grouping under study included all the youths from the age of 18 to 28 residing in Yazd (within the framework of two addicted and non-addict groups). The census method was used for selecting the addicted sample and the random method was applied for selecting the non-addict sample. Eventually 97 addicts and 10 non-addicts were selected. The Attributional theory questionnaire was used for collecting data. It was later analyzed using the statistical T test. It was finally indicated that addicted youths are more suffering from learned helplessness compared to non-addict youths.
S Ali Hosseinialmadani, Hasan Ahadi, Yosef Karimi, Hadi Bahrami, Ameneh Moazedian,
Volume 6, Issue 21 (5-2012)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was comparing of resiliency, identity styles, spirituality, and perceived social support in addicts, non-addicts, and recovered addicts. Method: In this causal-comparative study, by available sampling, 30 addicts, 30 non-addicts, and 30 recovered addicts were selected of adolescents. All participants completed the resiliency, identity styles, spirituality, and perceived social support questionnaires. Results: The results of comparing of identity styles indicated that on informational and normative styles, non-addicts had significantly higher scores than addicts and recovered addicts. On avoidant/disoriented style, non addicts had significantly lower levels than two other addict groups. The results of comparing of resiliency showed that non-addicts had significantly higher scores than two other groups. Also recovered addicts were significantly more resilient than addicts. In comparing of spirituality component, non addicts and recovered addicts had significantly higher scores than addicts. By Comparing of perceived social support, non-addicts and recovered addicts had significantly higher levels than addicts. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, participating in NA groups and perception of social support increased the resiliency of recovered addicts. Also, identity is relatively consistent component that by participating in treatment process, does not change significantly.
Zahra Lak, Ameneh Moazedian, S Ali Hosseini A, Masoumeh Sedaghat, Samira Ameri,
Volume 6, Issue 24 (1-2013)
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive–behavioral stress management on reduction of anxiety among addicts with GAD. Method: The design of the study is experimental with pretest -posttest and control group. The population of the study was all addicts with GAD in Tehran self-referred centers that scored the most points in GAD-7 test. 24 addicts were allocated into experimental group (N=12) and control group (N=12). The cognitive-behavioral stress management was demonstrated in 10 weekly sessions on the experimental group while there was no psychological treatment for the control group. DASS-21 questionnaire and GAD-7 questionnaire were completed by both groups before and after program. The data was analyzed using covariance. Results: There were no significant differences in anxiety between two groups before intervention. Results of this study demonstrated that cognitive –behavioral stress management led to significant decrease in anxiety in experimental group. Conclusion: Regarding to effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management on anxiety, it may also be used as a supplement method decreasing generalized anxiety disorder among addicts.
Farxaneh Bahrami, Ameneh Moazedian, S Ali Hosseini,
Volume 7, Issue 25 (5-2013)
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the training of problem-solving and decision-making skills on the reduction of addicts’ positive attitudes to narcotics. Method: The design of this study was experimental design namely: pre and post test with control group. The population included all addicts referring to Sanandaj self-report centers (500 addicts). By random sampling, 60 addicts were selected and completed the attitude questionnaire to narcotics use. Each of experimental groups was under problem-solving and decision-making skills training for ten 90 minute sessions. No training given to control group. Results: After training, two experimental groups significantly had lower levels of positive attitude to narcotics use. No difference was observed between two experimental groups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the training of problem-solving and decision-making skills can reduce the addicts’ positive attitudes to narcotics.
M Haj Hosseini, R Hashemi,
Volume 9, Issue 35 (2-2016)
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed at comparing addicts' quality of life and psychological disorders based on two methods, i.e. an educational method (Narcotics Anonymous) and a medical method (Methadone Maintenance Treatment). Method: An ex post facto research design was used in this study. Using purposive sampling, the number of 217 male addict (110 NA, 107 MMT) was selected from Shahrekord City. Quality of Life Questionnaire and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-42) were utilized to collect data. Results: According to the results of multivariate analysis of covariance, in terms of life quality, status of NA group members was more desirable as compared with the MMT group. Considering the three psychological disorders, NA group members were in a better condition than the methadone treatment group. An increase in the membership duration in NA was associated with lower level of depression and physical pain and higher level of general health and positive emotions. Conclusion: Therapeutic community approach was revealed to be more adequate in improving the quality of life and reducing psychological disorders, and may be considered as a desired method of treatment.
Simin Hosseinian, Roya Rasooli, Masoome Sadeghian,
Volume 10, Issue 38 (9-2016)
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of optimistic attributional styles in reducing addiction potential and change into attributional styles in female students. Method: A quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group research design was used in this study. The number of 40 students was selected by random cluster sampling from the statistical population of female students in Pakdasht high schools. Then, they were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received nine training sessions of optimistic attributional styles. Attributional Style Questionnaire and Iranian Scale of Addiction Potential were used for data collection purposes. Results: The results showed that the training of optimistic attributional styles leads to the significant reduction of addiction potential. In addition, this will converts pessimistic attributional styles to optimistic attributional styles among students. Conclusion: Training optimistic attributional styles can play an important role in the prevention of addiction.
H Hosseini, A Tari Marzabad, M Hassanpour-Ezatti,
Volume 10, Issue 40 (3-2017)
Abstract
Objective: As drugs use spreading has grown worldwide and depends on social interactions of addicted individuals on another people. The aim of this paper is to introduce an integro-differential equation model for drugs use spread among people of the observed population. Method: The connection structures of the discrete systems tend to be richer than that of the integro-differential equation model. In this research the index of drugs user considered with peer influence. Results: In this paper, in addition to introduce a simple discrete models for spread of addictive drugs abuse, a new switch model and an integro-differential equation model is introduced that avoid from inertia in old models related to the spread of addictive drugs use problem. Conclusion: Analyzes on discrete network models for spread of addictive drugs abuse is done and the mathematical equation was introduced for diffusion of addictive drugs abuse by considering individuals resilience and peer influence.
M Rezaee, I Bigdeli, Sh Makvand Hosseini,
Volume 11, Issue 41 (6-2017)
Abstract
Objective: The current research was conducted to investigating the effectiveness of Goal Management Training (GMT) in the improvement of sustained attention, prospective memory, and response inhibition in methamphetamine abusers. Method: In a quasi-experimental study, 40 methamphetamine abusers who were in their early recovery period were selected through random cluster sampling method. They were then randomly assigned into two groups, goal management training plus pharmacotherapy and pharmacotherapy. In order to assess sustained attention, prospective memory and response inhibition, the researchers used Continuous Performance Test, Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire, and Stroop Color and Word Test. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The results of the data analysis revealed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of all components of sustained attention and prospective memory (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that goal management training significantly improves sustained attention, response inhibition, and prospective memory in former methamphetamine abusers. These findings suggest the influence of neuropsychological rehabilitations on addiction treatment among methamphetamine users.
M Setayeshi, H Mirzahosseini, M Mohebbi,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (9-2018)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the current study was to examine the casual relationship of perceived support with psychological distress and addiction potential with the mediating role of loneliness in school students of slum area in Qom. Method: The participants of this study included 225 high-school male students who were chose by multistage cluster sampling method. Perceived Support Questionnaire, Psychological Distress Questionnaire, Addiction Potential Scale, and Loneliness Scale were administered to the participant for data collection. Path analysis and Bootstrap tests were conducted to explore direct and indirect pathways of the research model, respectively. Results: The results showed that perceived support was the antecedent and psychological distress and addiction potential were the consequences of loneliness in school students. The results indicated that loneliness has a significant mediating role in the relationship of perceived support and with psychological distress and addiction potential. Conclusion: The findings of this study can help school counselors, education psychologist, and teachers reduce student’s problems.
Maryam Hosseini, Farshid Ebrahimi, Seyed Sajjad Tabatabaei,
Volume 13, Issue 52 (9-2019)
Abstract
Objectives: The explanation of the structural relationships of the decision making styles on the preparation of addiction in the student's academic period is considered by considering the role of the mediating role of the cognitive management strategy of excitement. Method: The present study is based on the purpose of the application, and in terms of data collection method, The statistical population of the new entrance students was Tehran University. Using multistage cluster sampling, 610 students were selected. The instruments used included questionnaire of decision making styles (DMSQ), cognitive emotion regulation (CERQ) and addiction preparedness. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling (method of partial least square). Measurement model (Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity) and structural model (significant coefficients, factor loadings and the coefficients of determination) were evaluated. Results: The cognitive strategy of excitement suggests reducing addiction; but decision-making styles have led to a reduction in cognitive management of student excitement, resulting in an increase in addiction. Conclusion: This study focuses on the importance of development of cognitive emotion management, which can be considered as an effective strategy in the perilous and academic periods.
Esmaeil Soleimani, Negin Kazemzadeh, Katayoun Hosseini, Behrooz Iskanderpour,
Volume 15, Issue 62 (1-2022)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to design a model of factors influencing the tendency of women to addiction in West Azerbaijan province and to provide a solution. Method: For this purpose, a mixed exploratory design was used and the data were collected in two qualitative and quantitative stages. In the first stage, the theoretical foundations were examined and 16 addiction specialists were individually interviewed using the qualitative method. The main and secondary categories of factors affecting women's tendency to addiction and the relationships between them were obtained during the three stages of coding qualitative data. In the next step, the original questionnaire and model were designed based on the findings of the qualitative research stage, and the model with the participation of 156 substance addicted women was tested. Quantitative data analysis was performed to identify the relationships between the factors and the generalizations of the first stage. Model fit indices were examined to evaluate the optimal fit of the data with the conceptual model that the researcher assumed based on the findings of the qualitative research stage. Results: The results showed 5 general categories in the paradigmatic model, {it includes cognitive factors (positive attitude towards drugs; lack of knowledge about drugs; lack of psychological health education and lack of knowledge of life skills), Psycho-behavioral factors (psychological, emotional and personality factors), social factors (peers and colleagues; place of residence and study and easy access and social insufficiency), family factors (addiction of family members (parent-sister-brother); family breakdown and family communication-educational factors), and cultural factors (promotion of drug use; culture of recreational consumption; lack of recreational and educational facilities and poor religious beliefs} were reflected factors influencing women's tendency to addiction and the relationships between its various dimensions. In the quantitative part of research model, the results of structural equation modeling showed that the structural model of the research fits with the collected data. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that cognitive, psychological, social, family and cultural factors play an important role in women's tendency to addiction, and this requires the presentation of educations and solutions on cognitive, psychological, social, family and cultural domains.
Zakiye Akhoundi, Mohammadjavad Asghari E, Abolfazl Hosseini, Somayesadat Ebrahimi,
Volume 17, Issue 70 (3-2024)
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between perceived social support and the propensity for substance use in adolescent girls. Method: The present study was a descriptive-correlative structural equation study. The statistical population of the study included the students of Mashhad city. Of these, 261 individuals were selected through a multistage cluster sampling method and responded to the perceived social support scale, the substance use tendency questionnaire, and the life satisfaction questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the research model. Results: The results showed that life satisfaction was a mediator in the relationship between perceived social support and substance use tendency in teenage girls. Overall, the results showed that the model had good fit. Conclusion: It is recommended that programs and training be developed in family and educational systems to increase perceived social support in teenagers, which will lead to an increase in life satisfaction.
Nahid Hosseini, Seyed Hossein Hosseini Khoei,
Volume 18, Issue 72 (8-2024)
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to explain the methods of socialization in the fight against drugs in Iranian society. Method: The method of this research was qualitative and thematic analysis. The statistical population of the present study was the executive or staff officials in the specialized anti-narcotics police of Faraja, the anti-narcotics headquarters, and the professors of the Department of Social Sciences of the University of Police Sciences, from whom 15 people were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Following the data coding process, 42 basic themes, 38 mediating themes, and 12 overarching themes were identified during the open coding stage. According to the results, the platforms of the fight against drugs included knowledge and capacity building, trust and social responsibility and effective elements such as social institutions (family, schools, neighborhoods, non-governmental organizations, and religious institutions) and social groups (occupational, sports, and reference groups). It can be implemented through family-oriented, education-oriented, neighborhood-oriented, non-governmental, economy-oriented, health-oriented, and culture-oriented activities. Faraja participation is effective through preventive supervision focused on education. Conclusion: Strengthening the platforms of socialization, appropriate planning for social groups with the capacity to participate, preventive supervision based on education and strengthening all-round education in Faraja are crucial socialization measures in the fight against substances.
